Cultural Values in The Left Hand of Darkness, The Fellowship of the Rin

Molding of Cultural Values Through Environment in The Left Hand of Darkness, The Fellowship of the Ring, and Dune   â Ursuala K. LeGuin's The Left Hand of Darkness was composed after J.R.R. Tolkien's The Fellowship of the Ring and Frank Herbert's Dune. One of the most intriguing examinations between the three books is the manner by which the writers treat the issue of diverse misconceptions. Each of the three works contain numerous occurrences where individuals of one race or planet experience individuals of an alternate race or from an alternate planet. Tolkien treats this issue in a 'specisitc' or physiological way. The social misconceptions and conflicts that emerge in The Fellowship of the Ring are because of the contrasting physiology of the characters. Herbert manages social false impressions in an ecological way. In Herbert's reality, social qualities rely less upon which species a character have a place with (on the grounds that all characters appear to be generally human) and rather rely upon ecological factors. In The Left Hand of Darkness, LeGuin consolidates the two methodologies. The social misconceptions between Genly Ai and Gethenians are expected both to contrast in physiology and distinctive social qualities engraved by ecological elements .  â â â â Tolkien's physiological methodology is best observed by inspecting the hobbits demeanor towards the outside world. The hobbits are dubious of, and by and large don't comprehend, non-Hobbits. This can be seen by the Shire's consistent doubt of Bilbo's past experiences. The mill operator Sandyman remarks on Bilbo's undertakings: Mythical beings and Dragons! I says to him. Cabbages and potatoes are better for me and you. Try not to go getting stirred up in the matter of your betters, or you'll land in a difficult situation as well... ...iologically not quite the same as the Gethenians and originates from a planet with a very surprising condition. Both of these components lead to various mistaken assumptions in LeGuin's tale. The distinction in the three creators approaches might be found in the discussion among hereditary qualities and condition might be the more extensive issue. Tolkien appears to take the hereditary qualities side, Herbert takes the natural side, and LeGuin, being the little girl of an anthropologist, understands that both hereditary qualities and condition decide social qualities. These qualities frequently collide, and when they do, misinterpretations and mistaken assumptions are nearly inevitable.â â â â  â â Works Cited Herbert, Frank. Rise: 1984, Chilton Book Company LeGuin, Ursula L. The Left Hand of Darkness: 1969, Ace Book Company Tolkien, J.R.R. The Fellowship of the Ring: 1993, Houghton Mifflin Companyâ â â

Historically women in Rome

Generally ladies in Rome were never allowed the chance to express their real thoughts. The entirety of the authentic archives that are utilized to depict roman life where made by men. ...through the sensual and humorous verse of the late Republic and early Empire, all composed by men; through the history specialists and biographers, all men the vast majority of them incapable to oppose the vulgar and the shocking; through the letter scholars and savants, all men; through artistic creation and figure, essentially picture of sculptures, recorded gravestones, and strict landmarks of assorted types; and through countless lawful writings. Men anticipated ladies, to remain at home, to deal with their kids and spouses. A ladies who did as such, was viewed as the perfect spouse. In Ancient Greece ladies were seen by society in fundamentally the same as ways as in Rome. The main thing a freeborn Athenian lady could call her own was her notoriety, which relied upon great conduct. Her dad would wed her at age fourteen or fifteen. Her days were spent obediently turning, weaving, coloring garments, cooking, bearing and bringing up kids, and, most importantly, on not meddling in the genuine business of life as directed by the men. A lady was relied upon to remain at home and stay silent. Nor could ladies affirm in an official courtroom. She was unable to go out shopping, ...for good wedded ladies didn't go out shopping in fifth-century Athens. That activity was left for the men and slaves. One of only a handful hardly any occasions an Athenian lady could go out was to the Thesmophoria celebration. ...one of a few celebrations celebrated to pay tribute to female gods. During these celebrations a lady could go out without stirring dubious remark. Numerous men saw th e Thesm! as inordinate drinking binges. In early Rome, ladies didnt even get singular names. They were given family names with a ladylike closure. Sisters frequently shared names and were recognized by and...

What Freedoms the Fourth Tradition Grants AA Groups

What Freedoms the Fourth Tradition Grants AA Groups Addiction Coping and Recovery Methods and Support Print Tradition 4: AA Group Autonomy and Responsibility Group Freedom and Responsibility in the 12 Traditions of AA and Al-Anon By Buddy T facebook twitter Buddy T is an anonymous writer and founding member of the Online Al-Anon Outreach Committee with decades of experience writing about alcoholism. Learn about our editorial policy Buddy T Updated on January 16, 2020 Tom Merton / Getty Images More in Addiction Coping and Recovery Methods and Support Overcoming Addiction Personal Stories Alcohol Use Addictive Behaviors Drug Use Nicotine Use Tradition 4 of the 12 traditions of Alcoholics Anonymous states that the freedom individual groups have carried with it the admonition to protect the fellowship as a whole. This means that meeting formats can vary from group to group, but it also cautions against straying too far from the usual program. Tradition 4: Each group should be autonomous except in matters affecting other groups or AA as a whole. Tradition 4 Grants AA Group Freedom With  Responsibility to the Whole Each 12-step group has complete freedom to decide for itself the program content of its meetings and the topics that will be discussed. The group can decide if the meeting will be open or closed and when and where the meeting will be held. Each group can decide to change its meeting format and has complete authority to spend its funds as needed. The group can also decide how it wishes to begin and end its meetings. Some groups close with a prayer, while others have a moment of silence. In all of these matters, each group has total freedom. It is entirely up to the membership of that individual group. But the second part of this tradition reminds each group that it has a responsibility also to the worldwide fellowship and other groups. By adhering to the traditions and principals of its program, each group can assure that it will not stray too far away from the programs basic tenets. Limits to Freedom Granted By the Fourth Tradition The autonomy provided in Tradition 4 does not mean an individual group has the authority to re-word the 12 steps or traditions or to create its own literature. Nor should groups introduce, discuss, or sell outside literature at their meeting places. Other than that, groups have complete freedom to design their programs to the needs of their members, which can result in a wide variety of formats. Many a meeting has gotten away from the look and feel of its primary purpose by using non-conference-approved literature, showing videos of popular self-help speakers, or allowing treatment professionals to speak at open meetings on the latest therapy techniques. There is a saying that there is no right or wrong way to hold a meeting, but the group can cease carrying the message if it strays too far from its traditions and concepts. How Group Autonomy Creates Different Environments One AA member described what it was like when encountering groups that did things differently. He says that when he first came into AA, he learned how it went in his little group, and as he went to other groups in neighboring towns, he would think, They dont do their meetings right, simply because they werent the same as the first group he went to. Today these little things that used to bother him make him realize that theyre what makes all these groups unique and different. He looks forward to the different meetings now because theyre unique in their own rights. As long as the guidelines of the program are followed and the basic message is there for everyone, the autonomy of each group is one more example of why Alcoholics Anonymous works.

Changes Throughout The Land Is A Great Book Essay

Changes in the Land is a great book that really analyzes the changes in the ecosystem that was created by the introduction of the Europeans into New England. It shows the shift of life from Natives to Europeans and many of the changing circumstances. More than the environment being affected, the author goes into detail about how the lives of the Natives and Europeans heavily differed. The european contact drastically changed many things in the environment once settlers were introduced to the picture. The audience of this this book is presumed to be the general person who is not fully intact with the ideas that he or she is disrupting the ecosystem and is not aware of the effects they are doing as a whole. The book argues that no ecosystem is completely inert as things such as climate changes or drought. Without human interaction an environment can still have issues, but the introduction of human life and economy does take a grave toll on the climate. These are irreversible effects that mankind are making to the ecosystem. The english impact has been such a dramatic change to the climate especially the author compares Theodore s Diary and Williams Ideas of agriculture. The author even goes on to compare the native ecosystem to the nineteenth century colonization. The natives were much less intrusive on the environments as a whole. The evidence to this was the diaries of the travelers and the natives. He also strengthen his argument by using primary sources and reachingShow MoreRel atedThe Degradation Of Earth s Skin1575 Words   |  7 Pagesdesertification. According to our book, Discovering Physical Geography, desertification is â€Å"the process through which a formerly vegetated landscape gradually becomes desert-like (Page number).† The process of desertification is an ongoing issue that has inflicted major harm to landscapes all around the globe. Amongst the many that has degraded the land, consequences have been paid dearly. In this paper, I will review the causes, effect, and spread of desertification throughout the World. (TOO BROAD) ToRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Breaking The Land 932 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"Breaking the Land† discusses three major components throughout the book; cotton, tobacco, and the rice culture. Pete Daniel, the author, discusses the transformation of these three subjects throughout history. The different agriculture crops are described by explaining the environment that they are in and the difficulties they come across. The book explains how the crops and the environment have changed because of the difficulties they have faced. Diseases, race, inflation and deflation of cropRead MoreCommunism in China1581 Words   |  7 Pages1921. At the time China was in a world or turmoil ever since the end of the Qing Dynasty in 1911. For 10 years China was lost in a world with new ideas coming from all over the world. At the time, Duxiu and Dazhao saw an opportunity to bring change throughout a weakened China and they exploited it. The communist influence being brought by them and powe rs such as Russia influenced the Chinese way of thinking that Communism had new beliefs of the world and that all people should be seen as equal underRead MoreBayou Farewell Essay932 Words   |  4 Pageswho he has never met before. He started on his exciting journey, not knowing what would become of him. Relying on strangers kindness, and a great deal of luck. Throughout the book the author travels down the Baya, as the Cajun people call it, and meets many people of Cajun background who call this place their home. The Authors main purpose in writing this book is to share with the world the lifestyle of these Cajun people; and how their home is disappearing before their own eyes. He wants to callRead MoreCritical Criticism Of Genesis1714 Words   |  7 Pagesyour eyes and look from the place where you are† Genesis 13:14. The word genesis is the dawning of creation, and the biblical book of Genesis is the book that brings fourth the creation of our planet and the life that re sides. Genesis also describes the descent of Adam and Eve and unveils the foundation that sin builds upon. Genesis introduces the origin of the holy land, Israel, and inception of holy covenants promised by the holy trinity; the son, the father, and the holy spirit. Genesis communicatesRead MoreThe Great Smokies By Daniel S. Pierce1658 Words   |  7 PagesIn the book The Great Smokies From Natural Habitat to National Park, one can see the true passion and application that the author, Daniel S. Pierce, holds for one of the United States most prized possession, the Great Smoky Mountains. Like most, he is intrigued by the incomparable beauty and thrill of the wilderness, with his main goal being to show that the propose of this national park isn’t just to protect undeveloped land but more to reclaim the wildness and all it stands for. He looks in-depthRead MoreThe Scratch of a Pen 1763 and the Transformation of North America921 Words   |  4 PagesNorth America in 1763 was a n important year in American History because it was an ending of a long warfare in Europe and America. In the book called â€Å"The Scratch of a Pen 1763 and the transformation of North America†, written by Colin G. Galloway informs the reader of different events that caused and effect of the social conditions and how it transformed throughout the year of 1763. The people living in America during the year of 1763 were diverse a lot; there were English, Scots-Irish, PalatineRead MoreThe Early Modern Atlantic Economy Edited by J. McCusker and K. Morgan1368 Words   |  6 Pagesa sugar revolution to occur. The concept of a sugar revolution is one that states there was a drastic change from the cultivation of tobacco to the cultivating of sugar cane, changing the country`s economy, politics and social structure within a short period of time. According to B.W. Higman there are certain factors that can prove the existence of a sugar revolution, these are; the quick change from diversified agriculture to sugar monoculture, production on small farms to large farms, free to enslaveRead MoreAnalysis Of Forced Founders By Woody Holton1261 Words   |  6 PagesThroughout Forced Founders: Indians, Debtors, Slaves, and the Making of the American Revolution in Virginia, Woody Holton argues that the causes of the Revolutionary War are different than wh at most people once concluded. Although many Americans believe that George Washington and Thomas Jefferson are the men who led this revolution, Holton brings up a new theory on how the war began. As Holtons title states, he believes that Indians, debtors, and slaves had a bigger role in the making of the AmericanRead MoreSymbolism Of The Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1130 Words   |  5 PagesSymbolism is commonly used in literature to change or deepen meanings or instill a different meaning to the mind of the readers. The reader is forced to think, make connections, and succeed in adding a new meaning to the novel. F. Scott Fitzgerald is a master of hiding deeper meanings behind a text as clearly showcased in the novel The Great Gatsby. The â€Å"iceberg theory† describes that only around 20% of the story is directly revealed through text. In comparison to an actual iceberg, that is usually

The Life Of Flannery OConnor Essay - 1099 Words

The impact of an author’s life on their writing is vast. Many people do not see the large influence of an author’s childhood on their writings, but it plays a major role. The life of Flannery O’Connor is no exception to this. The great Catholic lifestyle of her parents helped persuade her writing of, â€Å"A Good Man is Hard to Find.† Flannery O’Connor is regarded as one of the greatest supporters of Roman Catholic writings in the twentieth century. O’Connor was born in Savannah on March 25th, 1925 and her parents were very devout Catholics. She was raised to always live the Catholic lifestyle. O’Connor was educated at a local parochial school, and after moving to Milledgeville, she continued her education at Peabody Laboratory†¦show more content†¦O’Connor got to know Robert Penn Warren, John Crowe Ransom, Austin Warren, and Andrew Lytle. They are some of the major writers who taught in the programs at the Unive rsity of Iowa. Andrew Lytle became one of the first to like the writings of Flannery O’Connor, and mentored her. Because he was the editor of the Sewanne Review, Lytle published many of O’Connor’s stories, along with some critical reviews of her stories (Gordon 1). Paul Engle was one of the first people to read the first drafts of Wise Blood, O’Connor’s first novel. She won the Rinehart-Iowa Fiction award for this first novel of hers, and was accepted at yaddo. Yaddo is a retreat for artists in Saratoga Springs, New York. She became close friends with Robert Lowell at there. After many months at Yaddo, she moved into the garage apartment of Sally and Robert Fitzgerald. She lived in this Ridgefield, Connecticut apartment for about two years (Gordon 1). In 1950, Flannery O’Connor was diagnosed with lupus. This was an incurable disease, which could only be treated by the use of steroid drugs. She survived the first serious outbreak of the disease, but she had to move out of the apartment and return to Milledgeville. This is where she remained for the rest of her life. She spent much of her days writing, and she even took trips to talk about and read her finished pieces. She wrote many letters to the Fitzgerald’s, Robert Lowell, Caroline Gordon, and many others. She also wrote a greatShow MoreRelatedMary Flannery OConnor: One of the Best Short Story Writers of Her Day684 Words   |  3 Pagesday, Mary Flannery O’Connor was a brilliant writer, and still is, highly acclaimed. Her unique style of writing has a large part in her continued popularity. Ann Garbett states,†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦O’Connor combined religious themes from her Roman Catholic vision with a comically realist character from the rural Protest ant south to create a fiction that is simultaneously serious and comic† (1910). Mary O’Connor Flannery was an extremely talented young author who experienced hardships throughout her short life’ HoweverRead More Flannery OConnors A Good Man is Hard To Find Essay1144 Words   |  5 PagesFlannery O’Connor’s A Good Man Is Hard to Find is one of the most well-known short stories in American history. A Good Man Is Hard to Find is a disturbing short story that exemplifies grace in extremity as well as the threat of an intruder. The story tells of an elderly grandmother and her family who embark on a road trip to Florida. The grandmother is a stubborn old woman with a low sense of morality. While on the trip, the grandmother convinces her son to take a detour which results in a brokenRead More Flannery Oconnor1301 Words   |  6 Pageson how the world was dealing with the changes. Flannery O’Connor, a prominent Catholic writer from the South, was one of the many who examined society and shared their philosophies. O’Connor shocked her twentieth century readers with the haunting style and piercing questions in her short stories and novels, which were centered on a combination of her life experiences, her deep Catholic faith, and the literature of the time. Mary Flannery O’Connor was born in Savannah, Georgia in 1925 into one ofRead MoreFlannery OConnor: A Brief Biography842 Words   |  3 Pageswriter to worry is to take over Gods business.† (O’Connor). This statement is encouraging to all believers in God, knowing that it is coming from a fellow Catholic like Flannery O’Connor. O’Connor is associated with the Christian Realism movement, which is a logical view developed by a theologian, Reinhold Niebuhr, who argued that the Kingdom of God cannot be realized on earth because of the naturally corrupt trends of society (â€Å"Flannery O’Connor†). This movement began in the late 1940’s and alongRead MoreFlannery OConnor 1111 Words   |  5 PagesFlannery O’Connor When writing a piece of literature the content is often influenced from the background of the person who is writing. The author, whether consciously or subconsciously, adds in personal experiences or beliefs into their pieces. Flannery O’Connor is a good example of this trend. Her short stories illustrate the hardships, beliefs, and society at the time she lived and was writing. It is most blatantly demonstrated in her collection of short stories entitled, A Good Man Is HardRead More Flannery OConnor: A Twentieth Century Fiction Writer Essay829 Words   |  4 Pageswritten about Flannery OConnors short stories and novels. There is a significant amount critical analysis about Flannery OConnor because she used so many styles that have not been used before. Flannery OConnor ranks among he most important American fiction writers of the twentieth century. Flannery OConnor was born in 1925 in Savannah, Georgia, and lived there until her family moved in 1938. OConnor and her family moved to a small Georgia farming town named Milledgeville. When Flannery was 15 yearsRead MoreSymbolization in the Good Country People by Flannery OConnor1223 Words   |  5 Pageswritten by Flannery O’Connor in the mid 50’s. The story takes place on farm in Georgia that Mrs. Hopewell owns. Flannery O’Connor uses the characters names and personalities to symbolize that they aren’t really who they think they are. The protagonist Joy-Hulga has a heart condition which and a peg leg. Her heat condition and disability reflects that she is a broken and weak person on the inside. Mrs. Hopewell is Joy-Hulga’s mother, she is very hopeful that her daughter would be something in life but JoyRead MoreFlannery O’Connor Essay1158 Words   |  5 PagesFlannery O’Connor was fond of saying, â€Å"When in Rome, do as you done in Milledgeville.† O’Connor was born in Savannah, Georgia, but spent the bulk of her life in Milledgeville, and it is her Southern heritage that influenced her and made her writing extremely distinctive in the history that is American literature. As a Roman Catholic in the Protestant-majority South, she was often confronted with the differences between the surroundings and herself, a theme that often comes up in her writing. O’ConnorRead MoreFlannery O Connor Is Considered One Of The Most Successful Writer979 Words   |  4 PagesMary Flannery O’Connor is considered one of the most successful short story writers in history. She composed her works during a period of prosperity and economic boom following World War II. Although the economy was thriving, the 1950’s were a period of struggle for women’s rights, as well as other minorities. (Digital History) Based on her success, one could conclude O’Connor exceeded all barriers again st women during the fifties. Flannery O’Connor’s life experiences based on her faith, her novelsRead MoreMary Shelley and Flannery OConnor: Gothic Isolationists1724 Words   |  7 Pagesfiction ceased to be a dominant genre by the Victorian Era. However, in many ways it had now begun to enter into its most ingenious phase. This paper will analyze the influence of Mary Shelley’s novel Frankenstein on Flannery O’Connor’s work, specifically her novel Wise Blood. Flannery O’Connor emerged as a crucial and contemporary innovator of southern gothic literature. Southern gothic literature is defined as a subgenre of gothic fiction, which originated in the United States during the 20th century

Schools Have Come A Long Way Education Essay Free Essays

string(60) " as taking the functions of a guider/provider of cognition\." Schools have come a long manner from being a homogenous establishment. The schools of today are diverse in every facet. The diverseness in categories are no longer limited to gender and race, but surpasses to kids who are high winners, low winners, and kids with disablement. We will write a custom essay sample on Schools Have Come A Long Way Education Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now The ability to learn every kid has new significance in schoolrooms. Differentiated direction is a method through which instructors can make every kid. Harmonizing to Anita Woolfolk ( 2011 ) differentiated direction is a flexible instruction method where lessons are individualized based on what the pupil needs. Differentiated direction is carried out in several ways that affect how a schoolroom runs. In an inclusive schoolroom differential direction ensures making every pupil ‘s demands and the chance for them to larn, win, and achieve. Since pupils presents are from many different background, civilization, accomplishments, and larning manner, most instructors are intimidated by the differences. However, there are wide assortment techniques to help instructors to make every pupil. In order to win in differentiated direction, instructors need to be after and give out clear instructions. They should anticipate the highest out of pupils though outlooks may change harmonizing to the kid needs. The instructor should assist pupils to accomplish by giving the appropriate appraisals, supportive environment, and instructional stuffs ; even pupils with mild to chair disablement still can prosecute in a normal schoolroom activity. In order to accommodate and to modify an inclusive schoolroom, Tomlinson ( 1999 ) stated some knowing rules in assisting every pupil to accomplish. They are ; assessment and direction are inseparable and instructor and pupils collaborate in larning and many more. Teachers need to constantly look back to modify his or her lesson and adjust to a degree that all pupils can to the full prosecute in it. Collaborate acquisition is great for interactions between the instructor and the pupil. Connections make advancement in making and lending a good environment. In add-on, differentiate content, procedure, merchandises, and larning environment is what most instructors look for in an inclusive schoolroom. How do pupils entree information that they do non understand, or how and what the pupil needs to larn? Showing auditory and ocular lessons are inevitable because when pupils see and hear information at the same clip, they develop more ideas and will be more engaged in the schoolroom. For pupils with larning disablements, grouping and reorganizing based on their involvement are necessary. Teachers can get down with simple in writing organisers like KWL charts. In an inclusive schoolroom, some pupil may be extremely accomplishing and some may non be as the advanced pupils, therefore instructors should maintain every pupil in the category busy. Highly accomplishing pupils may work on more ambitious undertaking while instructor can work separately with LD pupils. In order to make so, instructors ‘ clip direction is significantly of import. The sum of clip instructors should pass on a pupil may change. He or she is to supply extra support for fighting scholar and give encouragement for advanced scholars. Grouping in schoolrooms plays an of import function in how differentiated direction is carried out. Two types of grouping found common are ability grouping and flexible grouping. Ability grouping is defined as grouping pupils in groups of two or three harmonizing to their ability. John Hollifield ( 1987 ) references it as one of the oldest and most controversial grouping methods. Ability grouping can be farther divided into between category and within category ability grouping. Between category ability grouping is when kids from different schoolrooms or classs are separated into groups harmonizing to their ability within a capable affair. Within-class ability grouping trades with pupils of an single category being grouped harmonizing to their abilities. Ability groupings are put together so that kids can work at their ain gait. The high winners can vie with the other high winners and excel while the low winners and the kids with disablement are put in groups where they are given exce ss attending. Some of the statements presented against ability grouping are that they do non allow the low achieving pupils get challenged by the high achieving pupils. The groups might ever remain the same which might take to labeling for pupils by the other pupils. Labeling can besides take to self carry throughing prognostication. Students will get down believing that they will ever remain as low winners. Harmonizing to Hollifield ( 1987 ) groups should be little and should invariably be changed due to reappraisals of kids. Flexible grouping was created maintaining the disadvantages of ability grouping in head. Harmonizing to Michael Ford ( 2005 ) grouping should change invariably. In flexible grouping the size of the groups vary from clip to clip. There is no set type of grouping for the whole twelvemonth. Groups are no longer homogenous but are heterogenous ; kids are no longer grouped harmonizing to their ability or disablement. Students are invariably reassessed and put into different groups. Children acquire opportunity to work with everybody in the schoolroom. Differentiated direction is achieved through integrity. Along with coming up with assorted grouping methods in the schoolroom, learning techniques are besides taken into consideration in differentiated direction. Teachers are responsible for taking into consideration the lesson/subject every bit good as the pupils go toing the lesson. It is through differentiate direction that instructors are able to see and steer pupils toward their function as an active participant in the schoolroom. This procedure is performed through invariably measuring pupil ‘s advancement by inquiring inquiries, making chances for pupils, supplying support along with making an environment most good for the pupil. The direction is differentiated to run into the demand of each pupil. It is through differentiated direction that pupils, instructors and the course of study interact every bit good as work separately. The â€Å" cog † of distinction demonstrates this relationship of association and disassociation. It exhibits the pupils as taking the function of searcher in cognition. It demonstrates the instructors as taking the functions of a guider/provider of cognition. You read "Schools Have Come A Long Way Education Essay" in category "Essay examples" It establishes the course of study as the construction for both the searcher and the guider of cognition. Differentiated Instruction provides opportunities to single growing. It focuses on student-based instruction that is made up of combination of different larning manners to implement huge acquisition. Harmonizing to Tulbure ( 2011 ) , â€Å" differentiate direction on the degree of higher instruction is represented by the distinction upon personal acquisition manners † ( 80 ) . If pupils are presented with differentiate direction that provides a method that works for them, it helps bring forth a positive mentality for pupils towards their engagement in academic accomplishment and success. The advantages of differentiated direction is that it promotes single difference, prov ides equal chances for all pupils, provides flexibleness and is pupil centered that promotes pupil ‘s demands. The disadvantages of differentiated direction is that it loses the pupil ‘s involvement towards larning as excessively much is taken up in showing the activity. It leads to troubles in seting a whole-class direction, which reduces flexibleness. Differential direction has assorted pros and cons and has impacted the manners of direction in instruction. Another facet that plays a function on differentiated direction is engineering. Technology has become an indispensable constituent of the instruction system and the society. Today ‘s schoolrooms are enriched with diverse engineering such as smart boards, laptops, ipads, clicker, etc. It has made mundane learning engineering based without which schoolrooms have become unable to work. Technology has become highly valuable for schoolroom scenes, pupils and instructors. It has changed the society and coevals norm. Peoples of western states have become so involved with technological appliances that they are known as the â€Å" digital indigens. † Harmonizing to Mostmans, Vleugels and Bannier ( 2011 ) research has demonstrated that it has become an of import facet in development of the young person. It provides them with a digital manner of acquisition and instruction. It implements creativeness, geographic expedition and possible growing. It besides promotes individualism along with personal growing. Students are able to utilize their creativeness and do their ain picks in faculty members. The research workers besides stress that engineering in schoolrooms provides pupils with a new manner of geographic expedition, communicating and coaction. They suggest the production of new plans which will assist convey pupils together and assist them to dispute themselves intellectually. Computer-supported collaborative acquisition ( CSCL ) expresses that pupils should work together and that acquisi tion does n’t take topographic point in isolation but jointly. Students will larn by oppugning and happening out solutions with aid of one another. Technology is besides considered to be highly advantageous for young person with disablements. It is known by the term â€Å" assistive engineering, † any piece of machine that implements and improves larning in persons with disablement. It is the jurisprudence made by IDEA that requires particular instruction suppliers to provide assistive engineering to all pupils with disablement. There are three keys to depict distinction harmonizing to Ellis ( 1999 ) , which are â€Å" ( a ) aiming pupil ‘s Zone of Proximal Development – ZPD, ( B ) capitalising on pupil ‘s rational accomplishments and endowments, and ( C ) furthering reliable motive. † ( p.1, Holm ) . Reaching ZPD require instructors to pay close attending to the pupil ‘s demands so they are non assigned to a easy undertaking, or a highly hard undertaking. Capitalizing pupil ‘s accomplishments and endowments can broaden their strengths and back up their failings. Giving the right motive can assist kids to reapply the same accomplishments in their day-to-day life. Making appropriate and effectual undertakings motivated pupils to take part as a squad. It helps the schoolroom go student-centered. Alternatively of the old manner manner, where the instructor entirely reads to the category, instructors are now concentrated on how a pupil performs in forepart of their equals. C lassroom activities are interactions between pupils and pupils, every bit good as pupils and instructor. If there is a peculiar LD pupil that a teacher finds particularly ambitious, he or she should take the right attack by seeking support from IEP, Individualized Education Programs aid pupils to accomplish academic ends more easy. The Considerations Packet suggests, â€Å" IEP can supply a wealth of information sing pupil involvement, preparedness, and larning profile. † ( p.3, Holm ) . It narrows down to assist each single pupil in deepness. They focus on pupils and assist them carry through what they can make. They teach based on the pupil ‘s involvement and their suited accomplishment degree. Combining professional and general instructor in a differentiated schoolroom can better the schoolroom ‘s environment into a more efficient and effectual schoolroom. General instructor can concentrate on the whole and professionals can supply services to construct on success for LD pupils. Teacher outlooks are another factor that affects differential acquisition. It can impact the overall academic public presentation of pupils in school. When one thinks of instructor outlooks, the term may mention to instructors anticipating certain behaviours and degrees of public presentations from certain pupils. In other words, the term teacher outlook may connote inequalities. What is more, the effects and cultural fluctuations of teacher outlooks can impede pupil ‘s abilities to larn at their fullest potency. Harmonizing to Rubie-Davies, Hattie and Hamilton ( 2006 ) , there are two classs of teacher outlook effects: prolonging outlook effects and self-fulfilling prognostication effects ( p. 430 ) . First, prolonging outlook effects is when instructors expect pupils to execute a certain manner that was antecedently observed and may non take into history any alterations that pupils may do after. Second, the self-fulfilling prognostication provinces that instructors ‘ wrong outlooks can take pupils to execute and carry through this prognostication. Such a point of view can impede instructor ‘s perceptual experience that the pupil can non alter or better their public presentation, and this leads to the instructor sing the pupil as low accomplishing. One difference between prolonging outlook effects and self-fulfilling prognostication effects is that the latter â€Å" creates change in pupils ‘ public presentation, while prolonging outlook effects â€Å" thwart the potency for any alteration † ( 2006, p.430 ) . Furthermore, self-fulfilling prognostication effects are besides called Golem effects and Galatea effects ( Rubie-Davies et al. , 2006, p. 430 ) . Golem effects are negative effects and consequences from instructors ‘ low outlooks that can impede the academic public presentation of pupils, while Galatea effects are positive effects and consequences from instructors ‘ high outlooks that increase the academic public presentation of pupils ( p.430 ) . Furthermore, one factor that may act upon teacher outlooks is the race and ethnicity of pupils. A great trade of research has been done on how ethnicity influences teacher outlooks, and much of the decisions have been drawn the same: instructors are more likely to hold higher outlooks for white pupils and lower outlooks for minority pupils ( Rubie-Davies et al. , 2006, p. 430 ; Tenebaum A ; Ruck, 2007, p. 253 ) . In one survey that observed the differences in teacher outlooks of the reading public presentation of Maori, Pacific Island, Asian and New Zealand European pupils, it was found that â€Å" sustaining outlook effects explained Maori pupils ‘ limited advancement, † and self-fulfilling prognostications may hold been operated among Pacific Island, Asian and New Zealand European pupils ( Rubie-Davies et al. , 2006, p. 439 ) . In another survey that collaborated several old informations on instructor outlooks toward minorities and European American pupils, â€Å" in structors were found to keep the highest outlooks for Asiatic American pupils, and held more positive outlooks for European American pupils than for Latino/a and African American pupils † ( Tenebaum A ; Ruck, 2007, p. 253 ) . When instructors hold high and positive outlooks for certain pupils, they are more likely to dispute them, give prompts, call on them, and give support and encouragement. When the instructors hold low and negative outlooks for other pupils, the opposite is true. A possible ground why instructor outlooks vary along racial and cultural lines is because of the stereotypes that exist in society and the fact that instructors may keep onto them. For one, racism has been profoundly embedded in the history of the United States. Teachers may keep true to the theoretical account minority myth that Asians perform better in STEM classs. In the survey antecedently mentioned, instructors may hold hold true to the stereotype that Maori households do non value instruction ( Rubie-Davies et al. , 2006, ) . Whatever the grounds may be, it is crucially of import that instructors address their ain prejudices, stereotypes, and unjust positions of pupils, every bit good as their households. Teaching every kid means that every kid must hold an equal chance to instruction, and instructors play a critical function. In the terminal, the result is beautiful: every kid learns to their fullest potency, and they grow and mature with the necessary competence needed to len d to this quickly changing universe. How to cite Schools Have Come A Long Way Education Essay, Essay examples

Theories of Motivation Essay Example For Students

Theories of Motivation Essay One of the most widely mentioned theories of motivation is the Hierarchy of Needs Theory put forth by Abraham Maslow. Maslow saw human needs in a form of hierarchy, ascending from the lowest to the highest. Once one set of needs were satisfied, this kind of need ceases to be a motivator. Maslow’s Theories of needs are: Physiological needs: These are important needs, for human life food, water, warmth, sleep, education. Without these needs satisfied to a degree, no other motivating factors can work. Security: The needs to be free from physical danger, and fear of losing a job, property. We will write a custom essay on Theories of Motivation specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now This also includes protection against emotional harm. Social needs: They need to be accepted by others. This would satisfy their need for affection, acceptance and friendship. Esteem needs: This need is to satisfy their need to belong this produces such satisfaction as, power, prestige status and self-confidence. It includes internal esteem factors like self-respect and achievements. Need for self-actualisation: Maslow regards this as the highest need in his hierarchy. It is the drive to become what one is capable of becoming. To maximise ones potential and to accomplish something. hhttp://www. laynetworks. com/Theories-of-Motivation. html. (n. d. ). accessed 25th April 2010 Jeremy Bentham’s â€Å"The Carrot and the Stick Approach†: Possibly the essence of the traditional view of people at work can be best appreciated by a brief look at the work of this English philosopher, whose ideas were also developed in the early years of the Industrial Revolution, around 1800. Bentham’s view was that all people are self-interested and are motivated by the desire to avoid pain and find pleasure. Any worker will work only if the reward is big enough, or the punishment sufficiently unpleasant. This view the ‘carrot and stick’ approach was built into the philosophies of the age and is still to be found, especially in the older, more traditional sectors of industry. The various leading theories of motivation and motivators seldom make reference to the carrot and the stick. This metaphor relates, of course, to the use of rewards and penalties in order to induce desired behaviour. It comes from the old story that to make a donkey move, one must put a carrot in front of him or dab him with a stick from behind. Despite all the research on the theories of motivation, reward and punishment are still considered strong motivators. For centuries, however, they were too often thought of as the only forces that could motivate people. At the same time, in all theories of motivation, the inducements of some kind of ‘carrot’ are recognized. Often this is money in the form of pay or bonuses. Even though money is not the only motivating force, it has been and will continue to be an important one. The trouble with the money ‘carrot’ approach is that too often everyone gets a carrot, regardless of performance through such practices as salary increase and promotion by seniority, automatic ‘merit’ increases, and executive bonuses not based on individual manager performance. It is as simple as this: If a person put a donkey in a pen full of carrots and then stood outside with a carrot, would the donkey be encouraged to come out of the pen? The ‘stick’, in the form of fear–fear of loss of job, loss of income, reduction of bonus, demotion, or some other penalty–has been and continues to be a strong motivator. Yet it is admittedly not the best kind. It often gives rise to defensive or retaliatory behavior, such as union organization, poor-quality work, and executive indifference, failure of a manager to take any risks in decision making or even dishonesty. But fear of penalty cannot be overlooked. Whether managers are first-level supervisors or chief executives, the power of their position to give or with hold rewards or impose penalties of various kinds gives them an ability to control, to a very great extent, the economic and social well-being of their subordinates. http://www. aynetworks. com/Theories-of-Motivation. html. (n. d. ). accessed April 25th , 2010, At a simple level, people do things, such as go to work, in order to get stuff they want and to avoid stuff they don’t want. Overall the basic perspective on motivation looks something like this: Behavior Satisfaction Needs http://www. analytictech. com/mb021/motivation. htm. (n. d. ). Accessed April 25th 2010 Evaluating the strengths of motivation within my teaching role not only needs to be with the learners work in the training room but with the goals they have set for progression from training. .u3d5075f7a94534ab3f55d9a432221913 , .u3d5075f7a94534ab3f55d9a432221913 .postImageUrl , .u3d5075f7a94534ab3f55d9a432221913 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u3d5075f7a94534ab3f55d9a432221913 , .u3d5075f7a94534ab3f55d9a432221913:hover , .u3d5075f7a94534ab3f55d9a432221913:visited , .u3d5075f7a94534ab3f55d9a432221913:active { border:0!important; } .u3d5075f7a94534ab3f55d9a432221913 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u3d5075f7a94534ab3f55d9a432221913 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u3d5075f7a94534ab3f55d9a432221913:active , .u3d5075f7a94534ab3f55d9a432221913:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u3d5075f7a94534ab3f55d9a432221913 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u3d5075f7a94534ab3f55d9a432221913 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u3d5075f7a94534ab3f55d9a432221913 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u3d5075f7a94534ab3f55d9a432221913 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u3d5075f7a94534ab3f55d9a432221913:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u3d5075f7a94534ab3f55d9a432221913 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u3d5075f7a94534ab3f55d9a432221913 .u3d5075f7a94534ab3f55d9a432221913-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u3d5075f7a94534ab3f55d9a432221913:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Of Mice and Men Loneliness Sample EssayFinding the placement they need to support the pre-appretnicship they are doing. This then aids the knowledge and skills they already have learnt and expands them more, making their motivation a lot higher and seeing they can achieve this, makes them want more. Motivating the learners who are not so focused on what they would like to progress too, motivating them can be done by praising them for good work achieved within a session and to look on a one to one basis, where they would like to progress to and how to achieve it. This little process can really motivate a learner, who is otherwise unfocused. Evaluating the limitations of motivation. Begins with looking at the learner’s progression goals and making sure they are not set too high and decide if they are set too high, encourage them to reduce them to increase their self confidence to achieve these. Ensuring goals are not set too high can result in a lack of self esteem and confidence, this would show when they felt they were not progressing as quickly as they would like. Learner’s who show a lack of motivation, encouragement and recognition when the work they have complete is to a standard of there current level and to increase the motivation look at rewarding them. Reflect on Motivation A reflect of motivation within the training room would be a learner, who had not been on programme long, was asked if they had completed any Friday work. Friday work can be job search, taking work home that needs completing or being at a placement. This work is to be bought in on a Monday and the appropriate decision is made for attendance on that Friday. I asked the learner what Friday work had been done and the learner’s response to job search was ‘There is no jobs out there, so what is the point of looking. I explained that it is not easy to find a job within the current recession and they may not find jobs every week, but if they were actively looking, for example in the job centre, Thursday Job page in the news, various websites. Then they have a better chance of finding the employment they require. This changed the learner’s motivation for looking for a job. Another reflection on motivation within the training room was a learner who nee ded to update there CV, as being new to the programme had yet to create on and save it on there login. Was asked to do this, the response was ‘Oh can’t be bothered, why do I have to do this. To motivate the learner into doing this, I explained that once they had created there CV and it was on there login, if there were any jobs they wanted to apply for that needed a CV, they could apply for them straight away. Also if any updates were needed, this could also be done straight away. This then motivated the learner to create there CV. I agree that will all need some motivation in our lives to achieve the things we need. This also can motivate the learners to do the needed and mundane things to achieve jobs and the up skill of there qualifications.